eFuneralOrationofPericles
伯里克利
Pericles
伯里克利(公元前495—公元前429),古雅典最伟大的政治家,贵族出身,却是民主派领袖,实行奴隶主民主政治。当政期间完成了奴隶主民主宪法,发展工商业,奖励文化,大兴土木。从公元前443年到公元前429年,他任将军委员会的首席将军,成为雅典的最高统治者。在他任职期间,雅典文化和国势都发展到巅峰状态。
PracticingforBetterLearning
Readthefollowingarticlecarefully,andanswerthequestionsbelow。
1。WhatmakestheAthenianhayandsatisfied?
2。Whatdoes“thedoubleadvantage”refertointhelastaragrah?
。。。
Ourconstitutiondoesnotcoythelawsofneighboringstates;weareratheraatterntoothersthanimitatorsourselves。Itsadministrationfavorsthemanyinsteadofthefew;thisiswhyitiscalledademocracy。Ifwelooktothelaws,theyaffordequaljusticetoallintheirrivatedifferences;iftosocialstanding,advancementinubliclifefallstoreutationforcaacity,classconsiderationsnotbeingallowedtointerferewithmerit;noragaindoesovertybartheway;ifamanisabletoservethestate,heisnothinderedbytheobscurityofhiscondition。Thefreedomwhichweenjoyinourgovernmentextendsalsotoourordinarylife。There,farfromexercisingajealoussurveillanceovereachother,wedonotfeelcalleduontobeangrywithourneighborfordoingwhathelikes,oreventoindulgeinthoseinjuriouslookswhichcannotfailtobeoffensive,althoughtheyinflictnoositiveenalty。Butallthiseaseinourrivaterelationsdoesnotmakeuslawlessascitizens。Againstthisfearisourchiefsafeguardteachingustoobeythemagistratesandthelawsarticularlysuchasregardstherotectionoftheinjured,whethertheyareactuallyonthestatutebook,orbelongtothatcodewhich,althoughunwritten,yetcannotbebrokenwithoutacknowledgeddisgrace。
Furtherwerovidelentyofmeansforthemindtorefreshitselffrombusiness。Wecelebrategamesandsacrificesallyearroundandtheeleganceofourrivateestablishmentsformsadailysourceofleasureandhelstobanishthesleen;whilethemagnitudeofourcitydrawstheroduceoftheworldintoourharbor,sothattotheAthenianthefruitsofothercountriesareasfamiliaraluxuryasthoseofhisown。
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